Ringfort (Rath), Ballynoneen, Co. Kerry

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Ballynoneen, Co. Kerry

Half a ringfort is, in an odd way, more thought-provoking than a complete one.

At Ballynoneen in north County Kerry, roughly half of an early medieval enclosure survives as a low earthen arc on a gentle rise, while the southern and eastern sectors have been levelled entirely, most likely by generations of agricultural clearance. What remains is a semi-circular bank, about a metre high on both its inner and outer faces and four metres wide at the base, curling around an interior space roughly 27 metres across. The geometry of what is missing is almost as legible as what is there.

A rath, as ringforts of this earthen type are commonly called in Ireland, was typically a defended farmstead of the early medieval period, roughly 500 to 1000 AD, built by a single family or household and enclosed by one or more earthen banks and ditches. A univallate example, meaning one with a single enclosing bank, is the most common form found across the Irish landscape, and there were once tens of thousands of them. The Ballynoneen example is described as a possible univallate enclosure, the qualification reflecting how little now survives to confirm the original form with certainty. C. Toal's North Kerry Archaeological Survey, published in 1995, recorded the site and noted its position on elevated ground with wide views across the surrounding countryside, the kind of placement that would have made practical sense for a household keeping an eye on its land and livestock.

The surviving arc of bank is unspectacular in the way that much genuine archaeology is unspectacular, but standing at its centre and looking outward across the Kerry landscape, the logic of the site becomes clear. The rise that once made this a useful place to live still does exactly what it always did.

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