Ringfort (Rath), Ballyregan, Co. Limerick

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Ballyregan, Co. Limerick

Somewhere between a thousand and fifteen hundred years ago, a family or small community in what is now County Limerick enclosed their homestead with an earthen bank and ditch, and the result is still sitting quietly in a pasture field at Ballyregan, largely unannounced.

What makes this particular rath, or ringfort, quietly curious is not so much its survival as the way the landscape has grown around it. Field boundaries running along the outer edge of its fosse have effectively sealed the site inside a small enclosure of its own, as though the modern agricultural world arranged itself, quite accidentally, to keep the place intact.

A rath is an earthen ringfort, the most common monument type in the Irish countryside, built typically during the early medieval period as a defended farmstead for a single household of some social standing. This example at Ballyregan is sub-circular in plan, measuring roughly 44 metres north to south and 40 metres east to west. It is defined by a scarped edge, meaning the ground has been deliberately cut away to form a steep inner face, rising to about 2.4 metres, with a width of around 4.5 metres. Outside that bank lies a fosse, essentially a ditch, running to about 0.7 metres deep and nearly 6 metres wide. The original entrance, 6.2 metres across, faces north-west, with a causeway preserved across the fosse where visitors would once have crossed in and out. The site was recorded by Denis Power and uploaded to the national record in August 2011.

Access requires some negotiation with the surrounding landscape. Field boundaries running from the north-east and from the south converge just outside the fosse at two points, leaving the rath entirely enclosed within a small field. That field, between the fosse and those boundaries, is thick with bushes and scrub, so approaching the interior means pushing through considerable overgrowth at the margins. The interior itself, once reached, is level, dry, and largely clear, which is rather unusual for a site this enclosed. The north-west entrance and its causeway are worth locating specifically, as they represent one of the better-preserved features. As with all such sites on private agricultural land, a word with the landowner beforehand is simply good practice.

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Pete F
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