Ringfort (Rath), Ballysheen, Co. Wexford

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Ballysheen, Co. Wexford

At Ballysheen in County Wexford, a ringfort survives not as earthwork or stonework, but as a ghost in the soil.

No visible banks or ditches remain at ground level; instead, the enclosure announces itself only from the air, as a cropmark, the faint differential colouring that appears in growing crops above buried archaeological features during dry summers, when plants over filled-in ditches draw differently on residual moisture below.

What the aerial photographs reveal is a subrectangular or oval enclosure, roughly 40 metres east to west and 30 metres north to south, defined by a single fosse, that is, a ditch that would once have circled the settlement. A rath of this kind was the typical farmstead of Early Medieval Ireland, home to a family of some local standing, its ditch and accompanying bank forming a boundary as much social as defensive. This particular example sits on a gentle west-facing slope, a positioning common to such sites, offering some shelter and drainage. No entrance is discernible in the aerial record, which may reflect the limits of cropmark evidence rather than any original peculiarity of the site; entrances, usually simple gaps in the enclosing feature, do not always leave a legible trace from above.

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