Ringfort (Rath), Beal, Co. Kerry

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Beal, Co. Kerry

Most ringforts announce themselves with a confident circular bank, a clear boundary between the domestic world within and the open land without.

The one at Beal in north Kerry complicates that tidy picture. Its eastern bank has been almost entirely levelled, leaving only a gentle slope where a proper earthen wall once stood, so that roughly a quarter of the enclosure has quietly dissolved back into the landscape. What persists on the other sides is substantial enough: the outer bank still rises 1.2 metres on the exterior face, enough to give a sense of the original effort involved in throwing up this kind of defended farmstead, which would have been home to a single family of some local standing during the early medieval period, roughly 500 to 1000 AD.

The site was recorded and measured as part of the North Kerry Archaeological Survey, published in 1995 by Caroline Toal. The enclosure is roughly oval rather than strictly circular, measuring 33 metres north to south and 39 metres east to west. Three gaps in the outer bank, in the northwest, southwest, and south, provide access to the interior, at widths of 2 metres, 1.5 metres, and 9 metres respectively. That southerly gap of 9 metres is conspicuously wide, and may reflect later disturbance or deliberate widening for agricultural use. More unusual is a secondary earthen bank running east to west for 38 metres along the interior of the southern side, sitting roughly 3 metres inside the outer enclosure. This kind of internal subdivision is not universal in ringforts and hints at a more considered use of space within, perhaps separating livestock areas from living quarters. Set just outside the outer bank on the southeastern side is a stone-lined well, a feature that would have made the enclosure largely self-sufficient and that may well predate or postdate the rath itself by some margin.

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