Ringfort (Rath), Boolacullane, Co. Kerry

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Boolacullane, Co. Kerry

Part of what makes this small ringfort in Boolacullane quietly odd is that nobody in the 1840s could quite agree on what to call it.

Surveyors working the area during that decade noted three forts in the townland, naming two of them Lissnacrath and Lissoughter, and then simply recorded the third as having no particular name at all. That anonymous quality has followed the site ever since.

The fort itself sits on a steep slope facing north-north-east, in land that has long been used as pasture. A ringfort, or rath, is an enclosed farmstead of the early medieval period, typically defined by one or more earthen banks and ditches, and used as a settlement by a farming family. This one is modest in scale, roughly nineteen metres across, its enclosing bank now reduced to a low rise that stands less than half a metre above the surrounding ground on the exterior. Along part of its circuit, a later field boundary has been built directly into the old bank, blurring the line between archaeological monument and working landscape. What survives most legibly is the opening to a souterrain at the north-west, in what remains of a levelled section of the bank. A souterrain is an underground stone-lined passage, often used for storage or as a refuge, and their presence beneath ringforts is relatively common across Ireland. An old trackway runs just outside the south-east arc, oriented roughly east-north-east to west-south-west. The site may be the fort recorded in the same 1840s sources as Lisnacrath, described then as having a cavern and lying a few chains north of a place called Lissnaclinna, which fits the souterrain opening well enough to be plausible, though not certain.

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