Ringfort (Rath), Boolananave, Co. Kerry

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Boolananave, Co. Kerry

At the edge of elevated pasture above a small valley running down to Coongar Harbour in south Kerry, a pair of earthen banks rises from the ground with a quiet insistence that the modern landscape has done little to diminish.

This is a bivallate ringfort, meaning it is defended by two concentric banks rather than the single bank more commonly found, which makes it a relatively uncommon specimen of an already ancient building tradition. Ringforts, sometimes called raths, were enclosed farmsteads built predominantly during the early medieval period in Ireland, roughly between 500 and 1000 AD, and used as defended homesteads by farming families of varying social rank. The two names tentatively attached to this one, Lissaree and Lios an Fhraoigh, both incorporate the Irish word lios, itself a common term for such an enclosure.

The site is roughly oval in plan, with an interior measuring around 33.5 metres north to south and 34.4 metres east to west. Between its two earthen banks lies a flat-bottomed fosse, that is, a ditch, averaging 2.4 metres wide. The inner bank is the more substantial of the two, rising an average of 4.25 metres above the base of the fosse, its crest now crowned by tall trees. Large boulders were incorporated into its base during original construction, suggesting some care in its engineering. The outer bank, which rises between 0.45 and 1.5 metres above external ground level, survives only along the northern and western arc; the rest has been lost. The original entrance, 3.5 metres wide and set to the east-south-east, is still clearly readable, with remnants of rough stone facing visible on each side and a causeway carrying the old approach across the fosse, accompanied by a scatter of stone. A secondary gap, about 3 metres wide, opens to the west, likely a later addition. A modern drain cuts through the southern section of the outer bank, and a trackway skirts the site close to this point, two small intrusions that the rath has absorbed without losing its essential shape.

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