Ringfort (Rath), Brackloon, Co. Mayo
Co. Mayo |
Ringforts
A dense thicket of blackthorn and hawthorn has effectively swallowed this early medieval ringfort on a rise at Brackloon, Co. Mayo, making its internal history harder to read than most.
A rath, as these earthwork enclosures are generally known, was typically a circular embanked farmstead of the early medieval period, home to a single farming family and their livestock. This one is roughly circular, measuring somewhere between 30 and 35 metres in diameter, with a surrounding bank that still stands up to 1.3 metres high on its outer face at the south-west. Stones protrude intermittently from that bank, likely the remains of original stone kerbing along its inner and outer edges, though some of the larger boulders sitting along the top were probably dumped there during later field clearance.
What makes the interior particularly interesting is the evidence of competing uses over the centuries. A field fence running on a north-east to south-west axis cuts straight through the enclosure, dividing it into two quite different zones. To the east of this fence, the ground is uneven and heavily strewn with stones, some gathered into a heap. To the west, the interior has been largely quarried out, leaving a raw section face in which a possible souterrain is visible slightly north-west of centre. A souterrain is an underground passage or chamber, typically stone-lined, associated with early medieval settlement sites and used variously for storage, refuge, or ventilation. Its presence here, glimpsed only because quarrying cut away the ground around it, hints at a more elaborate original structure than the surviving earthwork alone would suggest.
Appended to the outer eastern face of the rath is a rectangular enclosure measuring roughly 13.5 metres north to south and 5.5 metres east to west, defined by stones emerging from the sod at its north and south ends and by a slight scarp to the east. Annexes of this kind are not unusual on Irish raths and may have served as stock enclosures or working yards, though the specific function here is unknown. Despite the quarrying, the bank itself and the surrounding views from the rise remain largely intact, and the tangle of thorn scrub, however obscuring, has at least kept the monument from further disturbance.