Ringfort (Rath), Brittas, Co. Mayo
Co. Mayo |
Ringforts
In a pasture field in Brittas, Co. Mayo, a ringfort sits in a state of near-invisibility, flattened to the point where it never appeared on any edition of the Ordnance Survey six-inch maps.
That absence is itself telling. These maps, produced from the 1830s onwards and revised repeatedly, recorded earthworks across Ireland with considerable thoroughness. For a rath to escape their notice entirely suggests either that the levelling happened early or that it was already far gone by the time surveyors passed through.
A rath is a type of ringfort defined by an earthen bank and an outer ditch, or fosse, enclosing a roughly circular area used as a farmstead during the early medieval period, broadly from the fifth to the twelfth centuries. The example at Brittas measures approximately 36 metres north to south and 40 metres east to west, dimensions well within the typical range for such sites. What survives is modest: a low, broad undulation tracing the former bank from the south-east to the north-east, with an external slope around four metres wide and barely 0.4 metres high, slumping gradually into the fosse. That outer ditch, now a shallow depression four to five metres wide, is legible mainly because the grass growing over it differs in colour and texture from the surrounding pasture, the damp conditions of the filled ditch encouraging slightly different vegetation. On the eastern arc, even this faint evidence fades, and the fosse disappears entirely at ground level. It is on this eastern side that the original entrance is thought to have been, a common arrangement in Irish ringforts, where the entrance typically faced east or south-east. Roughly 250 metres to the north-west stand the remains of a medieval church and associated graveyard, and an early nineteenth-century glebe house, the residence historically provided for a Church of Ireland clergyman, sits 80 metres to the north-east. The clustering of these features across a small area points to a landscape that has been continuously significant, in different ways and under different authorities, for well over a millennium.