Ringfort (Rath), Callow, Co. Limerick

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Ringfort (Rath), Callow, Co. Limerick

A ringfort sitting on a hilltop in County Limerick sounds straightforward enough until you notice that a significant portion of it has simply been quarried away.

The northern side of this rath, a type of enclosed farmstead commonly built in early medieval Ireland using earthen banks and ditches, has been eaten into by limestone extraction, removing part of both the enclosing bank and the interior. What once formed a complete circle roughly 26 metres across now survives only partially, its missing arc replaced by a dump of limestone boulders marking the edge of where the quarrying stopped.

Before the quarrying altered it, the site would have presented a fairly typical rath profile: a circular area enclosed by an earthen bank that rose about 0.7 metres on the interior side and a more imposing 2.1 metres when measured from the bottom of the external fosse, the surrounding ditch, outward. That fosse ran from the north-east around to the north-west, roughly the arc that was later destroyed. The causeway entrance, still discernible at the south-south-east, is about 2.9 metres wide, the point where the bank and ditch were left uncut to allow access into the enclosure. The site was recorded by Denis Power and uploaded to the national record in August 2011.

The rath sits atop a hill amid scrub, surrounded by open pasture fields, which means the elevated position is still apparent even if the monument itself requires some searching out. The surviving enclosing bank is heavily masked by dense overgrowth, and the interior, where it remains, is uneven underfoot, with quarry spoil still piled in the south-west quadrant. Anyone visiting should expect rough going and limited visibility of the earthworks themselves. The contrast between the tidy farmland around the hill and the disordered, overgrown archaeology at its summit gives the place a particular quality, as though the two histories of the site, early medieval settlement and later industrial extraction, have been left to argue it out between themselves.

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Pete F
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