Ringfort (Rath), Camp, Co. Kerry

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Camp, Co. Kerry

Beneath the floor of this early medieval enclosure, a passage continues into darkness that nobody has entered for a very long time.

The stone-lined depression visible just north of centre marks the opening of a souterrain, an underground chamber or tunnel, typically cut into the earth and lined with stone, used in early medieval Ireland for storage and possibly for refuge. At this particular rath on the western side of the Finglas river valley in Camp, that passage appears to run off in a north-easterly direction, but it is no longer accessible. What remains visible above ground is suggestive enough: a probable air-vent for the underground system still opens onto the outer face of the enclosing bank to the north-east, sitting roughly 0.6 metres above the present ground surface.

The site is a univallate rath, meaning a ringfort enclosed by a single bank and ditch, a form of farmstead common across Ireland from roughly the fifth to the twelfth centuries. This one sits on an east-facing slope with clear sightlines along the valley in both directions and north towards Tralee Bay, a position that suggests whoever settled here was as interested in visibility as in defence. The enclosing bank is earthen at its core but faced on the interior with drystone masonry, which survives in places to a height of around one metre before giving way to sections of complete collapse. The external face varies considerably in height depending on the gradient: only 0.8 metres on the uphill side, but 2.3 metres where the slope drops away. There are two possible entrances through the bank. The more convincing of the two is a 2.1-metre break at the south-south-east; a gap to the north-west, where the stone facing turns outward to line the edge of the opening, is less certain. A field fence running along the crest of the northern sector has added to the confusion over time, with material collapsing inward and obscuring the bank's original profile. The site was documented by J. Cuppage in the 1986 Dingle Peninsula archaeological survey.

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