Ringfort (Rath), Carrowkeel, Co. Mayo
Co. Mayo |
Ringforts
A ringfort that uses the land itself as part of its defences is always worth a closer look, and the rath at Carrowkeel in County Mayo does exactly that.
Set along the narrow crest of a low ridge running north-west to south-east, the site takes advantage of the natural slope on its western side, folding it into the enclosure's structure so that the ridge does some of the defensive work that elsewhere would have required more deliberate construction. The result is an oval raised platform, roughly 40 metres along its longer axis, that reads differently depending on which side you approach it from.
A rath, to use the Irish term, is an earthen ringfort, typically dating from the early medieval period and associated with the farmstead of a single family or small community. This one is defined by a scarp, which is essentially a steep earthen face cut or built up around the platform's edge, reaching nearly three metres in height on the western side. Outside that scarp, a fosse, or ditch, and an external bank provided additional layers of enclosure, at least on the western half. On the eastern side, the scarp has slumped considerably over the centuries and the stone facing added along its base to serve as a field boundary has done little to restore its original profile. A narrow break in the scarp at the south-south-east, worn further by cattle over time, is thought to mark where an entrance once stood. The interior is not level; a slight spine of ground runs through the middle, with the eastern third sitting noticeably lower than the rest, giving the enclosed space an uneven, almost tiered character. Hawthorn, blackthorn, and brambles now ring the scarp, and an old farm track runs along the western base of the slope. A second rath sits just 125 metres to the north-east, suggesting this part of Mayo once supported a modest cluster of early settlement activity rather than a single isolated homestead.