Ringfort (Rath), Casheltourly, Co. Mayo

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Casheltourly, Co. Mayo

A dense ring of hawthorn and blackthorn scrub marks the boundary of this early medieval enclosure in Casheltourly, County Mayo, sitting on a ridge in a way that makes it feel both deliberate and quietly forgotten.

The scrub is so thick that it effectively defines the site before the earthworks themselves do, forming a living wall around a structure that was already old when the first maps of this landscape were drawn.

A rath is a ringfort, the most common type of early medieval settlement monument in Ireland, typically dating from roughly the fifth to the twelfth century and thought to have functioned as a defended farmstead for a single family or small community. This example is roughly circular, measuring about 34.6 metres north to south and 38.4 metres east to west, and sits at the break of slope on a northwest to southeast ridge overlooking a broad, boggy valley below. The enclosure is defined by a bank of earth and stone, outside which runs a fosse, the term for the surrounding ditch, dug to create the bank material and add an additional barrier. The bank is degraded, worn down by centuries of farm stock moving across it, and at the south it merges with a field fence running alongside a road. The fosse, shallow and only around 0.6 metres deep where it survives best, is clearest on the southwest to northeast arc; it fades toward the southeast and is cut off entirely at the south by the same road. At the northwest, the bank still stands to around 1.5 metres on its outer face, offering a sense of how the original enclosure would have presented itself to the valley below. There is also a slightly raised outer rim along the western side, which may represent the last trace of an outer bank, though it may equally be the result of relatively recent recutting to use the fosse as a field drain. Two narrow gaps in the bank, at the east and southeast, along with a very worn section at the southwest, are likely the result of later agricultural use rather than original entrances.

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Pete F
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