Ringfort (Rath), Clanhugh Demesne, Co. Westmeath

Co. Westmeath |

Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Clanhugh Demesne, Co. Westmeath

Within a nineteenth-century tree plantation on the demesne lands of Clonhugh House in County Westmeath, a ringfort sits quietly on a slight rise above the eastern shore of Lough Owel, its earthworks absorbed into the managed landscape of a later estate.

What makes this particular site quietly unusual is its company: roughly 180 metres to the south-east lies a sweathouse, a small stone structure of the kind once used for therapeutic sweating in the manner of a rudimentary sauna, a practice that persisted in rural Ireland well into the modern period. The pairing of a ringfort and a sweathouse in close proximity is relatively uncommon, and it gives the immediate area a layered quality that stretches across many centuries of use.

The ringfort itself, known in Irish archaeological terms as a rath, is a roughly sub-circular enclosure measuring approximately 32 metres north to south and 26 metres east to west. A rath is essentially a defended farmstead of the early medieval period, typically enclosed by one or more earthen banks with ditches, and used as a residence for a farming family of some local standing. This example has two earthen banks separated by a wide intervening fosse, the ditch between the banks that would have added both a physical and symbolic barrier to the enclosure. The outer bank has largely disappeared from view on most sides, remaining visible only along the north-west to north to south arc, suggesting that centuries of tree planting and the general management of the demesne have gradually obscured what was once a more complete structure. The plantation that now surrounds it dates to the nineteenth century, laid out in association with Clonhugh House some 530 metres to the north-west.

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