Ringfort (Rath), Clonickilvant, Co. Westmeath
Co. Westmeath |
Ringforts
What makes this particular earthwork in Clonickilvant quietly arresting is not just its age but its company.
Set on a low rise in gently undulating Westmeath pasture, this oval ringfort, measuring roughly 42 metres north to south and 47 metres east to west, contains within its interior the traces of three distinct house sites. The combination is not unique in Ireland, but it rewards attention: here, within a single enclosed space, you have the outline of a defended settlement and the ghostly footprints of the structures that once made it a home.
A ringfort, sometimes called a rath, is an early medieval farmstead enclosed by one or more circular earthen banks and ditches, the bank thrown up from the excavated ditch or fosse beside it. This one follows that basic grammar. When surveyors examined it between 1970 and 1972, they found a high, steep inner bank, by then largely reduced to a scarp, a wide fosse best preserved along the south-south-west to west to north-north-west arc and again from east to south-south-east, and the remnants of a low outer bank surviving only at the north-east and from east around to south-south-east. A causewayed entrance, meaning an unexcavated strip of ground left across the ditch to allow access, was still identifiable at the south-south-west. The eastern side had suffered most: quarrying had disturbed the fosse there, and modern field fences were already cutting across the bank at two points. The 1913 Ordnance Survey 25-inch map had recorded the enclosure's outline, and aerial photography has since confirmed the oval earthwork with its three interior house sites still legible from above. A second ringfort lies approximately 90 metres to the east, suggesting this corner of Westmeath once supported a cluster of early medieval farmsteads in reasonably close proximity to one another.