Ringfort (Rath), Clonkill, Co. Westmeath
Co. Westmeath |
Ringforts
On a gently rolling rise in County Westmeath, a near-perfect circle pressed into the grassland marks something that most people walking past would take for a natural feature of the landscape.
It is, in fact, the remains of a rath, the Irish term for a ringfort, the most common monument type surviving in the Irish countryside. Thousands were built across the island, mostly during the early medieval period, serving as enclosed farmsteads for a single family or small community. This one, at Clonkill, is modest but legible: roughly 25 metres across, its circular form still readable in the slight rise of the enclosed interior.
The monument sits on an east-facing slope with open views to the east, a position that would have made practical sense for people keeping watch over land and livestock. Enclosing the interior is a poorly preserved earthen bank, outside which runs a shallow fosse, the term for the surrounding ditch whose excavated material was typically thrown inward to form the bank itself. At the south-east, there is an entrance gap just under two metres wide, with a slight causeway still crossing the fosse at that point, the original threshold of the place. Inside, faint traces of cultivation ridges survive, suggesting the enclosed ground was worked at some point, its surface rising gently towards the centre. The bank has suffered over the centuries, reduced by ploughing and time, but the essential geometry of the enclosure holds.