Ringfort (Rath), Cloonoughter, Co. Limerick
Co. Limerick |
Ringforts
Half of this ancient enclosure has simply vanished.
What survives at Cloonoughter, on the eastern end of a low hill in County Limerick, is a ringfort that drainage works for a conifer plantation have quietly erased across its southern half, leaving only a D-shaped ghost of what was once a circular earthwork roughly thirty metres across. The 1923 Ordnance Survey six-inch map still shows it whole, which at least confirms what it once looked like, and gives a useful before-and-after for anyone curious about how agricultural improvement reshapes the archaeological record.
Ringforts, known in Irish as raths, were the most common form of rural settlement in early medieval Ireland, typically consisting of a circular area enclosed by one or more earthen banks and ditches, used as a farmstead and homestead by families of middling social rank. This one was recorded by Denis Power and uploaded to the national sites and monuments record in August 2011. What remained at that point was an arc of partially levelled bank on the north side of a later east-west field boundary, the bank standing only around forty centimetres high and two metres wide, running from west to east. The interior it encloses is slightly raised above the surrounding ground, measuring roughly twenty-four metres east to west and eighteen metres north to south. A notable feature of the setting is the steep drop in the land just eight metres north of the enclosure, which would have made the northern approach naturally defensible, or at least conspicuous to anyone approaching from below.
The surviving bank is most easily read by the lighter-coloured grass growing along its line, which tends to show up well in certain light or after dry spells when the shallower soil over the earthwork dries out faster than the surrounding pasture. The interior is rough going, covered in tall grass, brambles, and an uneven stony surface, so sturdy footwear is advisable. The southern portion of the monument, now given over to plantation drainage, shows no surface trace at all, so it is worth spending time on the northern arc to get a sense of the original scale before the field boundary cuts across your view.