Ringfort (Rath), Cloonoughter, Co. Limerick
Co. Limerick |
Ringforts
A farm track runs straight through the middle of this ancient enclosure, bisecting it along a north-south axis and rising about thirty centimetres above the level of the interior floor.
It is an oddly mundane intrusion into a structure that predates the surrounding field system by well over a thousand years, and it neatly illustrates how the Irish landscape layers the agricultural present directly on top of a much older past.
Ringforts, known in Irish as raths, were the most common form of rural settlement in early medieval Ireland, typically serving as enclosed farmsteads for a single family or small kin group. They are defined by a circular earthen bank and ditch, and this example at Cloonoughter, recorded by Denis Power and uploaded to the national record in August 2011, preserves those features in reasonable condition. The enclosure measures 30.7 metres in diameter on a north-south axis. The earthen bank stands 1.1 metres above the interior and 1.65 metres on its outer face, and is accompanied by an external fosse, or ditch, some 2.3 metres wide and 0.8 metres deep. A short additional arc of bank survives at the north-west. The original entrance is still legible at the north-east, where a causeway 1.6 metres wide crosses the fosse. A field boundary has been built up against the enclosing bank at the south-east, which is typical of how later farming gradually absorbed these monuments into working land.
The site sits on the northern flank of a low rise in undulating pasture, a position that would have offered a modest degree of visibility without commanding any dramatic height. The western half of the interior is now heavily overgrown with trees, bushes, and brambles, making that section difficult to read on the ground. The causeway entrance at the north-east is probably the clearest single feature to look for, and the external ditch is most legible on the northern and eastern sides. Access to ringforts in active farmland always requires permission from the landowner, and the overgrowth means that late autumn or winter, when vegetation has died back, gives the better view of what remains.