Ringfort (Rath), Cloonty, Co. Limerick

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Cloonty, Co. Limerick

What catches the eye here is not just the circular earthwork sitting quietly in County Limerick pasture, but the network of low banks and ditches that extends outward from it in several directions, suggesting that whoever once occupied this place was thinking well beyond the enclosure itself.

Most ringforts, which are roughly circular enclosures dating from the early medieval period in Ireland, typically between the fifth and twelfth centuries, present themselves as a single defined space. This one in Cloonty carries an additional system of earthworks fanning out to the north and south, and a series of low banks reaching away from its south-eastern corner, giving the whole site a more complex footprint than it might first appear.

The enclosure itself measures 30.6 metres across in both directions, making it a reasonably compact example of a rath, the Irish term for an earthen ringfort of this kind, most likely a farmstead enclosure in its original use. The surrounding bank rises 0.7 metres on its interior face and 1.5 metres on the exterior, with an outer fosse, that is a drainage or defensive ditch, running around it. A causeway entrance four metres wide opens to the east, a common orientation for such sites, and there are additional cattle breaks at the north-east, east-north-east, and south-west. What makes the record particularly detailed is the documentation of the fosse extensions: one running 23.7 metres to the north before terminating at a field boundary, another curving gently southward for 30 metres. A further bank of 54 metres extends north from near the south-eastern corner, meeting shorter cross-banks travelling east-west and south. The survey was compiled by Denis Power and uploaded to the national record in August 2011.

The site lies in gently undulating farmland, and the interior of the enclosure remains level and under grass. Visiting requires access across working agricultural land, so permission from the landowner would be appropriate before approaching. The earthworks are low, several of the outlying banks rising no more than 20 to 25 centimetres above the surrounding ground, and they are best read in low winter or early spring light when shadows help pick out the subtle changes in level. Standing inside the enclosure and looking outward, the curving extensions of the fosse to north and south become easier to trace once you know where to look.

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