Ringfort (Rath), Cloyrawer, Co. Mayo

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Cloyrawer, Co. Mayo

In the pastureland of Cloyrawer, a low mound rises just enough above its surroundings to suggest it was once chosen deliberately.

To the east and south, boggy ground spreads out and away from it, making the slight elevation feel more purposeful than accidental. What sits here is a rath, the Irish term for a ringfort, the kind of enclosed farmstead that was commonplace in early medieval Ireland, typically built between the sixth and tenth centuries. Most have been ploughed flat or quietly absorbed into field boundaries. This one survives, though not without some alteration.

The enclosure measures roughly 25 metres north to south and 27 metres east to west, defined by an earthen bank that, where it survives best at the south and southwest, still rises to about 1.8 metres on its outer face. That steep external slope was intentional; it would have made the interior harder to approach from outside. Beyond the bank, a fosse, essentially a defensive ditch dug to heighten the effect of the bank beside it, runs around at least part of the circuit, with a further outer bank beyond that. At the south-southwest, a clearly defined stretch of this fosse survives about three metres wide, though it is largely engulfed in brambles and may have seen some disturbance in the recent past. A narrow berm, a flat shelf of ground between the inner bank and the ditch, is visible here too, though whether that was part of the original design or a later development is uncertain. The most telling alteration is at the northeast to east, where a ten-metre section of the scarp has been levelled and graded into a low ramp, presumably to make it easier to move livestock in and out of the interior. This practical modification appears to have obscured what was most likely the original entrance to the enclosure. Elsewhere around the circuit, the fosse and outer bank survive only as the faintest of surface depressions, or as cropmarks visible at certain times of year when differential growth in the grass above buried features betrays what lies beneath.

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Pete F
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