Ringfort (Rath), Cnoc An Bhróigín Thoir, Co. Kerry

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Cnoc An Bhróigín Thoir, Co. Kerry

On the eastern slopes of Knockavrogeen, above Dingle Harbour, a double-banked ringfort sits with a commanding view across the valley of the Milltown river and towards the Iveragh Peninsula.

What makes this particular site quietly compelling is not its grandeur, much of which has been worn away, but the layered complexity it retains. Known locally as An Lios Garbh, meaning roughly "the rough fort", it is a bivallate rath, meaning it was defended not by a single earthen bank and ditch but by two concentric banks separated by a fosse, the broad flat-bottomed ditch that was a standard feature of early medieval Irish enclosures. Two banks and a ditch represents a degree of effort and intent that sets it apart from the more common single-banked examples found across the Irish countryside.

The engineering of the place is still legible, even in its damaged state. The inner bank rises up to 1.5 metres above the interior floor and as much as 2.5 metres above the fosse, and is roughly four metres wide at its base. A formal entrance was provided at the eastern side, where gaps in both banks align with a causeway across the fosse, the outer gap measuring 3.3 metres wide and the inner 2.1 metres. The outer bank survives only around the southern half of the circuit; the northern portion has largely gone. Inside, tree roots and dumped field clearance material have disturbed much of the ground, but low mounds in the northern sector point to the former presence of structures. Small stretches of drystone walling survive on the inner face of the bank, one section corbelled slightly inward as if forming part of a rounded building. There is also a reputed souterrain within the fort, an underground stone-lined passage of the kind often associated with early medieval settlement and used for storage or concealment, though its precise location and condition have not been fully established.

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