Ringfort (Rath), Coolross, Co. Wicklow

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Coolross, Co. Wicklow

Most ringforts, the circular enclosed farmsteads that dot the Irish countryside in their thousands and date broadly to the early medieval period, announce themselves with a clear bank and ditch.

The rath at Coolross in County Wicklow does neither. There is no bank still standing, no fosse, which is the encircling ditch that typically accompanies one, and no identifiable entrance. What survives instead is an oval platform cut into a gentle south-west-facing slope, its edges defined by steep scarps rising between one and two metres, with scattered boulder-facing still visible in places where it has not already tumbled away. The overall shape is modest, roughly 35 metres on its longer axis and 30 metres across, but the absence of the features one would normally expect gives it a quietly puzzling quality.

What makes the site stranger still is that it has been cut across by a kerbed bank, roughly 90 centimetres wide and 70 centimetres high, running through the interior. The most likely explanation is that this is a remnant of a later field system, a boundary laid down after the ringfort had already fallen out of use, with farmers carving their own organisation across what had become unremarkable ground. It is a small but telling detail: the landscape here has been worked and reworked over centuries, each phase indifferent to what came before it. The boulder-facing that once lined the scarps, some of it now collapsed, suggests the original enclosure was a more deliberate construction than its eroded state implies.

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