Ringfort (Rath), Corkan, Co. Westmeath
Co. Westmeath |
Ringforts
What makes this ringfort in Corkan, County Westmeath quietly compelling is not any single dramatic feature but rather the accumulation of structural detail that survives in the earthworks.
It sits on a slight natural rise amid low-lying, wet pasture, which would have made it a conspicuous and defensible presence in the surrounding landscape. A second ringfort lies roughly 88 metres to the west, a pairing that raises questions about the social organisation of whoever farmed and lived here, perhaps indicating related or contemporary settlements in a period when such enclosures were the standard form of rural habitation across early medieval Ireland.
A ringfort, sometimes called a rath, is typically a roughly circular area enclosed by one or more earthen banks and ditches, used as a defended farmstead from roughly the fifth to the twelfth century. This one is bivallate, meaning it has two concentric banks rather than the more common single enclosure, with a fosse, or ditch, running between them. When it was formally described in 1980, the interior measured approximately 25.5 metres east to west and 23.5 metres north to south. The entrance gap at the south-east was notably narrow at ground level, just one metre wide at the base, though the corresponding gap in the outer bank is considerably wider, some nine metres at its base, and may have been enlarged at a later period. Parts of the inner bank still retain their original stone facing on the north-east side, while elsewhere the bank has been worn down to a mere scarp. The outer bank preserves traces of both internal and external stone facing at the south and north, and remains most substantial along its southern arc. The 1837 Ordnance Survey six-inch map recorded it as a circular ringfort, and by the revised 1913 edition the bivallate character was already apparent to surveyors.
