Ringfort (Rath), Craffield, Co. Wicklow

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Craffield, Co. Wicklow

A drain cuts straight through the middle of this early medieval enclosure in County Wicklow, dividing it neatly in half, which is not the kind of thing you expect from a structure that was probably already old when the Normans arrived in Ireland.

That detail alone makes the Craffield rath a quietly odd survival, a farming landscape asserting itself across something far older.

A rath is a ringfort, the most common archaeological monument type in Ireland, typically a circular or oval area enclosed by an earthen bank and ditch, used as a defended farmstead during the early medieval period, roughly between the fifth and twelfth centuries. The Craffield example sits on a gentle south-facing slope, its oval interior measuring just under 47 metres north to south and 30 metres east to west. The earthen bank that defines the northern arc of the enclosure is still reasonably legible, reaching between 0.8 and 1.2 metres in height and around 4.5 metres wide. Unusually, there is no clear evidence of a fosse, the external ditch that normally accompanies such a bank, and no visible internal features survive. To the south, where the modern drainage cut runs east to west, the perimeter survives only as a gentle scarp in the ground. A possible entrance, about 2.5 metres wide, appears to have been positioned at the north.

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