Ringfort (Rath), Creeves (Shanid By.), Co. Limerick

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Creeves (Shanid By.), Co. Limerick

Across the Irish countryside, ringforts are so numerous that farmers have been ploughing around them for centuries, half out of habit and half out of a residual unease about disturbing the fairy forts, as they are still sometimes called.

This one, in the townland of Creeves in the old barony of Shanid in County Limerick, is modest even by the standards of its type, its enclosing bank worn down to little more than a low ridge in the grass. What makes it worth attention is precisely that modesty: it survives not because it was ever monumental, but because the land around it has stayed in pasture, and nobody has had cause to flatten it.

A rath, to use the Irish term that gives this class of monument its name, is a roughly circular enclosure defined by an earthen bank and, usually, an external ditch, built during the early medieval period, roughly between the fifth and twelfth centuries. They served as farmsteads, the bank and ditch offering a modest degree of protection for a family and their livestock rather than any serious military fortification. This particular example is roughly circular in plan, measuring about 33 metres north to south and just over 36 metres east to west. The enclosing bank is earth and stone, and survives best along the southern and south-western arc, where the interior height reaches only about 25 centimetres and the exterior face rises to around 35 centimetres. The entrance, at five metres wide, faces east, which is a common orientation for ringfort entrances across Ireland. The site sits on a gentle south-facing slope of a low hillock, in an area where limestone breaks through the surface of the ground, and the interior tilts gradually downward toward the south. The record was compiled by Denis Power and uploaded in August 2011.

The site sits in working pasture, so access would depend on the landowner's permission, and there is nothing to mark it on the ground beyond the low bank itself, which could easily be mistaken for a field boundary by anyone not looking carefully. The outcropping limestone in the surrounding area is worth noticing as context: this is a landscape where the underlying rock is close to the surface, which would have made digging a proper ditch difficult, and may partly explain why the earthworks here are so slight. The best-preserved stretch of bank runs from the south-south-east around to the west, so that is where the outline of the enclosure reads most clearly underfoot.

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