Ringfort (Rath), Cullenagh, Co. Kerry
Co. Kerry |
Ringforts
Some places are most interesting for the fact that they no longer exist.
On a slight ridge in Cullenagh, on the Iveragh Peninsula in County Kerry, there is nothing to see: no earthworks, no outline in the grass, no surviving bank or ditch. Yet the first edition of the Ordnance Survey map records what was once a large oval enclosure here, with a second bank running along its western half, the kind of defensive circuit typical of a rath or ringfort, the circular enclosed farmsteads that dot the Irish landscape in their thousands and date broadly to the early medieval period, roughly the fifth to twelfth centuries. By the time the second edition of the OS map was produced, the site had already been reduced to a note: "site of".
The fort was known locally by several names, among them Labballow Fort, Leaba na Bó, and Lios Bán na Bó. The Irish names are suggestive: "leaba" means bed or resting place, and "bó" means cow, giving a sense of the agricultural landscape this enclosure once overlooked, a level expanse of pastureland lying to the east of the ridge. A ringfort with a double bank, as this appears to have been, would typically indicate a settlement of some local standing, the additional earthwork suggesting either extra defensive effort or the enclosure of livestock as well as a dwelling. Whatever its original function, it has been entirely absorbed into the farmland around it, leaving only the cartographic record as evidence that it ever stood.