Ringfort (Rath), Cullenstown, Co. Wexford

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Cullenstown, Co. Wexford

On a west and north-west-facing slope near Cullenstown in County Wexford, a roughly circular patch of woodland conceals what was once a defended farmstead.

The trees growing over it are part of what makes it easy to miss; the enclosure they occupy measures only around 24 metres east to west and just over 20 metres north to south, small enough that a person might walk past its edges without registering the subtle changes in the ground beneath their feet.

What survives is a rath, the Irish term for a ringfort, the most common monument type in the Irish countryside. These were typically the enclosed homesteads of early medieval farmers, roughly dating from the fifth to the twelfth centuries, built to define status and provide a degree of security for livestock and family. This particular example is defined by a slight earthen bank and a flat-bottomed fosse, which is a type of defensive ditch cut into the ground around the enclosure. The bank itself stands only about half a metre above the interior ground level, though externally it rises to between 1.4 and 2 metres, giving the fosse, which reaches roughly a metre in depth, a more pronounced character when viewed from outside. There is also evidence of an outer bank running along the western to north-eastern arc, though it barely registers above ground level at the west and only becomes more legible towards the north. The southern and western portions of both the bank and fosse have been destroyed, leaving the circuit incomplete, and no entrance is visible in what remains.

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Pete F
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