Ringfort (Rath), Dough, Co. Clare

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Dough, Co. Clare

Two ringforts sitting on the same short ridge, just 45 metres apart, is not something you encounter every day.

The one at the eastern end of this ridge in Dough, County Clare, is a rath, the most common type of early medieval enclosure in Ireland, typically a circular or near-circular area bounded by one or more earthen banks, originally serving as a farmstead or high-status residence. This particular example is subcircular in plan, measuring roughly 23 metres north to south and 25 metres east to west, its round-topped bank of earth and gravel still largely intact across most of its circuit. The interior rises slightly toward the centre, then falls away to the north, and the whole thing sits in fertile pasture south of a marshy estuary, with open views in most directions.

The bank itself varies in height depending on where you measure it. On the interior face it stands between 0.2 and 0.9 metres; on the exterior, between 0.5 and 1.35 metres. Toward the north, where erosion has been greatest, it has been reduced to little more than a low scarp of about 0.4 metres. A probable entrance gap, nearly three metres wide, opens at the east-south-east, with smaller cattle gaps at the south and west-south-west. The site holds a preservation order dating from 1987, though this has not entirely protected it from the pressures of working farmland. Cattle poaching, the churning and compaction of soil by livestock hooves, is visible across the north-west and south-west sectors and around the entrance. A band of rushes that once ringed the southern perimeter, noted during a field inspection in 1998, had by a later visit retreated to just the south-west corner, a quiet sign of how these places slowly change.

The neighbouring rath to the west, a bivallate example, meaning it is defined by two concentric banks rather than one, is visible from the eastern site and adds an unusual dimension to this small stretch of ridge. Having two enclosures of this kind in such close proximity suggests the area was of some significance during the early medieval period, though what relationship, if any, existed between their occupants is something the ground itself does not easily give up.

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