Ringfort (Rath), Dromagorteen, Co. Kerry
Co. Kerry |
Ringforts
Someone put considerable effort into making this hillside liveable.
On a steep south-west-facing slope above the valley of the Sheen River in Bonane Heritage Park, a ringfort sits with its interior deliberately engineered to counter the gradient: the southern portion is raised up, while the northern portion is cut back into the hill, the net result being a gently sloping platform that would have served as a usable domestic enclosure. The sheer labour of that levelling, carried out without machinery, says something about how seriously early medieval Irish farmers took the business of establishing a defended homestead.
A ringfort, or rath, is an enclosed farmstead of the kind built widely across Ireland from roughly the early centuries AD through to the Norman period, typically defined by one or more earthen banks and a fosse, the ditch dug between them. This example is a bivallate rath, meaning it has two concentric banks. The inner bank is substantial, measuring over eight metres wide and nearly three metres high, and along its eastern arc it is reinforced externally with large stones. Between the two banks runs a fosse cut two and a half metres into the hillside on the upslope side. A causeway entrance four metres wide sits at the south-east, and a separate break in the inner bank opens to the south. The overall enclosure is roughly circular, measuring thirty-seven metres east to west and thirty-four metres north to south. What makes Dromagorteen particularly interesting is the density of associated features nearby: a hut site lies immediately to the west of the enclosure, a standing stone stands around sixty metres to the north, and a burnt spread, the kind of deposit sometimes associated with cooking or ritual activity, is recorded roughly seventy metres to the south-east. Together they suggest not an isolated defended farmstead but something closer to a small settled landscape, with this rath at its centre.