Ringfort (Rath), Dunowla, Co. Sligo
Co. Sligo |
Ringforts
A low circular earthwork sitting on a gentle rise in County Sligo pastureland is one of those places that rewards careful looking.
At roughly 42 metres across, this rath, the Irish term for a ringfort, takes the form of an enclosed circular area defined by a bank that has worn down considerably over the centuries, in places standing only 0.4 metres above the interior ground level, though rising to just over a metre on its outer face. What makes it quietly interesting is the way the enclosing bank has, along part of its southern and western arc, been absorbed entirely into a field boundary marking the division between the townlands of Dunowla and Doonbeakin. The modern agricultural landscape has effectively swallowed a section of the monument and pressed it into everyday use, which is a common enough fate for earthworks of this kind across Ireland, though it makes reading the original shape of the site a more considered exercise.
Ringforts were the dominant form of rural settlement in early medieval Ireland, typically dating from roughly the fifth to the twelfth centuries, and most were farmsteads rather than military installations. The bank here may originally have been faced with stone, which would have given it a more substantial character than its present soft profile suggests. Along the eastern and south-eastern side of the naturally-occurring rise, there is a terrace between two and three metres wide at the outer foot of the bank, along with a short surviving length of outer bank. These features are thought to represent the remnants of a fosse, an encircling ditch, and an additional external bank, implying the site once had more layered defences or boundary markers than survive today. The Dunowla River runs approximately 40 metres to the east, at the foot of the slope, and would have been a practical asset to any settlement here. Within the interior, which tilts downward from its centre toward the east, archaeological survey has identified the outlines of two possible houses and a possible hut site, giving some sense of the domestic life that once organised itself within the enclosure.