Ringfort (Rath), Egmont, Co. Cork
Co. Cork |
Ringforts
Near the top of a hill in Egmont, County Cork, there is a ringfort that no longer exists above ground, yet continues to leave its mark on the landscape in ways that are only legible from the air.
A ringfort, or rath, was a roughly circular enclosure defined by an earthen bank and sometimes an outer ditch, used as a farmstead or defended homestead during the early medieval period in Ireland. Thousands survive across the country, but this one was levelled in 1943, and the field it occupied has been under tillage ever since.
What makes the site quietly remarkable is how well-documented its disappearance is. The Ordnance Survey six-inch map of 1842 shows a hachured circular enclosure with a diameter of roughly 25 metres, and by the 1937 edition the same feature appears as a raised circular area of around 30 metres across, slightly larger in the later depiction, perhaps due to differences in survey method or vegetation. Both maps record something clearly present and physically distinct. Then, according to local information, it was gone by 1943. What the ground no longer holds, however, the soil remembers in its own way. Aerial photography has revealed the ringfort as a cropmark, a trace formed when buried features such as the old bank and the external fosse, or ditch, affect how crops grow above them, producing variations in colour and height that become visible from above during dry summers. The outline of the bank and its surrounding fosse can still be made out in this way, a circular ghost preserved in the differential growth of grain.