Ringfort (Rath), Fanore More, Co. Clare

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Fanore More, Co. Clare

On a north-facing slope above Fanore More in County Clare, a ringfort sits at the western edge of a field system that stretches across roughly eight kilometres of landscape and represents centuries of accumulated human activity.

That combination, a well-preserved defensive enclosure anchoring the margin of such an extensive multiperiod agricultural network, gives this particular site an unusual quality: it is not an isolated monument but something closer to a punctuation mark at the edge of a much longer story written into the ground.

A ringfort, sometimes called a rath, is a roughly circular enclosure defined by banks and ditches, used in early medieval Ireland primarily as a farmstead and a marker of household status. This example is bivallate, meaning it has two concentric defensive circuits rather than the single bank more commonly seen. The inner bank is built from stone and earth and still stands to between two and two and a half metres on its exterior face, with a fosse, or ditch, three metres wide at its base running outside it, and then a second, lower outer bank beyond that. Traces of original stone facing survive on the exterior of the inner bank, low but legible. The whole structure was recorded on Ordnance Survey six-inch maps as early as 1842, and again on the 1915 edition, suggesting it has held its form recognisably across nearly two centuries of mapping.

The ringfort commands views to the south and north-northeast from its hillside position, and the slope itself is fairly steep, which would have made the site both defensible and conspicuous. Standing there, with the broader field system spreading eastward beneath and around it, it is possible to read something of the logic of early medieval land use in this part of the Burren, where boundaries and enclosures from different periods have accumulated on top of and alongside one another across that eight-kilometre spread.

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