Ringfort (Rath), Galmoylestown, Co. Westmeath
Co. Westmeath |
Ringforts
On the south-south-western face of a steep hill in County Westmeath, a ringfort once sat with open views across the landscape to the south and west.
Today there is nothing to see at ground level, but aerial photography taken in November 2011 revealed the site as a cropmark, the buried outline of the enclosure pressing faintly through the soil and showing up in the contrast of a Digital Globe image. That absence is itself worth noting. A monument that was still physically present within living memory has since been levelled entirely, leaving the ground to look like ordinary farmland.
Ringforts, known in Irish as raths, were enclosed farmsteads typically built during the early medieval period, roughly between the fifth and twelfth centuries. They usually consist of a raised circular area defined by an earthen bank and a surrounding ditch. At Galmoylestown, the 1837 Ordnance Survey Fair Plan map recorded the site clearly as a circular enclosure, labelled simply as a fort, with a gravel pit already visible on its southern side. As recently as 1973 the monument was still upstanding, described at that time as a slightly raised circular area approximately 39 metres across from north-west to south-east, with a low wide bank and a shallow external fosse, the ditch that typically rings such enclosures. Traces of cultivation ridges running north to south across the interior suggest the ground inside was worked as farmland at some point after the fort fell out of use. The perimeter had already been quarried away on the south-west side by the time of that survey, and a field boundary along the eastern edge followed the line of the old enclosure, marking the division between Galmoylestown and Galmoylestown Lower. Between 1973 and 2011, whatever remained was removed altogether.