Ringfort (Rath), Garrynagoord, Co. Limerick
Co. Limerick |
Ringforts
Somewhere in the pastureland of Garrynagoord, a faint circular ridge in the grass marks the edge of a settlement that has been quietly dissolving back into the earth for well over a thousand years.
What you are looking at, if you know to look, is a rath, the Irish term for a ringfort, which was the most common form of rural farmstead in early medieval Ireland. These were not military fortifications in any grand sense, but enclosed homesteads, the earthen banks and surrounding ditches serving to define a family's space, keep livestock in, and perhaps deter opportunistic raiding.
This particular example sits on a south-west-facing slope and is modest by any measure. The circular enclosure spans roughly twenty metres in diameter, defined by an earthen bank about four and a half metres wide. The bank is low, rising only half a metre on the interior side and not quite a metre externally, though it would once have stood considerably higher before centuries of weathering and agricultural activity took their toll. Around the bank runs a fosse, essentially a ditch dug to provide the material for the bank and to add an additional deterrent, roughly six metres wide and now only about thirty centimetres deep. The north-east section of this fosse is the best preserved portion. A possible causeway entrance, roughly three metres wide, appears on the south-west side, which would have been the practical approach from the slope below. The record was compiled by Denis Power and uploaded in November 2013.
The site is in working pasture, and that agricultural context is immediately apparent on the ground. The western sector of the interior has been poached by cattle hooves to the point where it has been fenced off with electric wire, creating an odd narrow passage through that part of the enclosure. The rest of the interior is level. There is nothing dramatic here to announce itself, and that is rather the point. The bank is easy to miss if you are moving quickly, but standing at the probable entrance on the south-west and looking across the levelled interior, the basic logic of the place becomes legible: a small, sheltered circle of ground on a gentle slope, defined with just enough effort to mean something.
