Ringfort (Rath), Glannagalt, Co. Kerry

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Glannagalt, Co. Kerry

On a steep east-facing slope above Gleann na nGealt, the valley of the mad, a double-ringed earthwork looks out across the Kerry landscape as far north as Tralee Bay.

What makes this ringfort quietly striking is not just its setting but the precision with which its original design can still be read in the ground. The causeway entrance survives to the south-east, a 2.9-metre wide raised crossing over the fosse, the encircling ditch, threading through a gap in the outer bank and a narrower gap in the inner bank beyond. That arrangement, a deliberate funnelling of movement through the defences, is a textbook feature of the early medieval rath, the Irish term for a ringfort of this type, typically a farmstead enclosed by one or more earthen banks.

This particular example is bivallate, meaning it has two concentric banks rather than the single ring found at most similar sites. The inner bank still stands up to 1.7 metres above the interior and drops as much as 3 metres to the floor of the fosse below. The outer bank is lower, rarely exceeding 1.4 metres above the base of the ditch, and along the western side it has been absorbed into a modern field boundary. There are faint traces of what might be a second outer fosse on that same western arc, though whether this was ever a deliberate structural feature or simply a natural hollow is uncertain. The site was recorded in detail by J. Cuppage as part of the Dingle Peninsula archaeological survey published in 1986, which catalogued the extraordinary concentration of monuments across the Corca Dhuibhne peninsula. By the time of that survey, cattle movement had already disturbed the fosse considerably, a reminder of how working farmland and ancient earthworks have coexisted, not always gently, across the Irish countryside for centuries.

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