Ringfort (Rath), Glannagalt, Co. Kerry

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Glannagalt, Co. Kerry

High on the eastern side of a ridge dividing the valleys of Glannagalt and Glanmane in County Kerry, a roughly circular earthwork sits in scrubby pasture with a view stretching across the coastal plain, over Tralee Bay, and out as far as the Magharee Islands and Kerry Head.

What makes it quietly odd is not the view, impressive as it is, but something inside: a small, carefully lined pit, sub-rectangular in shape and just under a metre deep, built against the inner face of the bank at the north-north-east. It measures less than a metre across and one and a half metres in length, its walls formed from drystone and ringed by a low stony bank. Nobody has established what it was for.

The structure itself is a univallate rath, meaning it is enclosed by a single earthen bank and accompanying fosse, the ditch dug outside the bank that together formed the boundary of an early medieval farmstead. Raths of this kind were the dominant form of rural settlement in Ireland from roughly the fifth to the twelfth centuries, and thousands survive across the country in varying states of preservation. This one has an internal diameter of 29.6 metres. The bank and fosse have eroded considerably, with only a 1.2 metre scarp remaining in the north-east quadrant, where the interior sits higher than the ground outside on the downslope side. The fosse, about two metres wide at its base, blends gradually into the natural hillslope rather than ending in a sharp outer edge. Because the bank appears unbroken elsewhere, the original entrance was almost certainly located in this north-east quadrant. Someone, at some later point, made practical use of the fosse on the southern side, constructing a small shelter there for shepherds or animals. The cultivation ridges visible across the surrounding land suggest the area was once farmed more intensively than the rough pasture of today would indicate. The site was surveyed as part of J. Cuppage's 1986 archaeological survey of the Dingle Peninsula, published under the title Corca Dhuibhne.

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