Ringfort (Rath), Gortagarraun, Co. Galway

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Gortagarraun, Co. Galway

A low double ring of earthworks sits in undulating grassland at Gortagarraun, in North Galway, looking out over a turlough to the north-west and bogland to the south.

A turlough, for those unfamiliar with the term, is a seasonal lake peculiar to the limestone karst landscapes of the west of Ireland, disappearing underground in summer and reappearing each winter. That the people who built this enclosure chose a spot commanding both a turlough and open bog is unlikely to have been accidental; such wetland margins were valued as natural boundaries, grazing resources, and defensive advantages.

The monument is a rath, the Irish term for a roughly circular earthen enclosure, typically raised during the early medieval period and used as a farmstead or high-status settlement. This example is subcircular in plan, measuring approximately 36 metres across on its east-west axis. It is defined by two banks with a fosse, or ditch, running between them, though the earthworks are unevenly preserved. The inner bank survives best along the north-east to south-east arc, where it forms a clear raised element; elsewhere the enclosure is marked by a natural-looking scarp rather than a built-up bank. The outer bank and fosse are most legible along the south-west to north arc. A later field wall crosses the monument at the south, and the fosse has been almost entirely obliterated in that area. At the north-east, quarrying has eaten into the enclosing elements, a reminder that agricultural and industrial activity has been reshaping these earthworks, almost certainly for centuries. The site was noted as early as 1914, when it appeared in Neary's catalogue.

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