Ringfort (Rath), Gorteen, Co. Clare
Co. Clare |
Ringforts
What makes this particular patch of County Clare farmland unusual is not so much what survives as what company it keeps.
Within roughly a hundred metres in either direction, two other ringforts sit in the same landscape, making this a cluster of early medieval enclosures that once formed, in all likelihood, a working social and agricultural neighbourhood rather than isolated curiosities scattered across the countryside.
Ringforts, known in Irish as raths when earthen, are roughly circular enclosures built during the early medieval period, typically between the fifth and twelfth centuries, and used as enclosed farmsteads by families of varying status. This example at Gorteen sits on a gentle east-facing slope in improved pasture, and survives as a circular area about twenty-nine metres in diameter. It is defined by a steep scarp, the eroded remnant of what would once have been a more substantial earthen bank, now largely overgrown with briars and dotted with trees along its southern to northern arc. The interior sits about 1.2 metres above the surrounding ground level, giving the enclosure a low but distinct presence in the field. T. J. Westropp, writing between 1914 and 1916, recorded it simply as an earthen fort, and while the intervening century has not improved its condition, the basic form remains legible. Short, fragmentary sections of internal bank survive at the south-west, west, and north, though these are poorly preserved and discontinuous. A ramp at the north-east may mark an original entrance, though its current form appears to have been modified at some later, unspecified point. There are faint possible traces of a fosse, the external ditch that typically accompanied a bank on such enclosures, at the south-west, though cattle poaching in the wet ground near a field boundary makes this difficult to confirm.
The interior itself is level and largely featureless now, which is not unusual; centuries of ploughing and grazing tend to erase whatever structures once stood within. What gives the site its quiet interest is the proximity of its neighbours, one ringfort approximately sixty-two metres to the north and another roughly a hundred and fifteen metres to the west, a density that hints at how intensively this part of Clare was once settled.