Ringfort (Rath), Graigoor, Co. Limerick

Co. Limerick |

Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Graigoor, Co. Limerick

Two ringforts sitting just over ten metres apart is not the most common arrangement in the Irish countryside, and the one at Graigoor in County Limerick rewards a closer look for exactly that reason.

A second fort of the same type lies immediately to the south, and whatever relationship once existed between the two, whether one served a different household or a different purpose, is now a matter of quiet speculation. The site itself occupies the top of a low hill, ringed by open pasture but covered in dense trees and scrub, giving it the slightly enclosed, self-contained quality that many of these earthworks have managed to preserve simply by being inconvenient to farm.

Ringforts, sometimes called raths, are circular enclosures built from earthen banks and ditches, used primarily as farmsteads during the early medieval period in Ireland, roughly the fifth to twelfth centuries. The Graigoor example is a double-banked example, meaning it has two concentric earthen banks with a fosse, or ditch, running between them. The inner bank survives to an external height of around 2.1 metres and retains traces of stone facing along its inner face, a detail that suggests more careful construction than the basic earthen type. A gap of about 2.5 metres in the bank at the east-north-east likely marks the original entrance. Beyond the outer bank, a further fosse sits about 6.6 metres to the north-north-west, with its own low stone kerbing along the inner edge and a slightly curved earthen bank along its outer side. Parts of the outer bank have been absorbed into the later field boundary system, which is typical of how these structures tend to survive, folded into the working landscape over centuries. The record was compiled by Denis Power and uploaded to the archaeological survey in August 2011.

Access to the interior is limited; the dense vegetation means entry is only really practical along the northern to south-south-west verge. Visitors approaching through the surrounding pasture will notice the wooded mound rising slightly from the otherwise flat fields, which gives a reasonable sense of the deliberate hilltop positioning. The outer stone-faced sections of the bank are visible where they coincide with field boundaries to the north-east and north-west, and those stretches offer the clearest view of the construction technique. The proximity of the second ringfort to the south is easy to miss without knowing to look for it, but standing between the two and considering that both were once inhabited enclosures within a short walk of each other adds something to the visit that no single fort quite provides.

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