Ringfort (Rath), Grangecon Rocks, Co. Wicklow

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Grangecon Rocks, Co. Wicklow

On a low, rounded hillock in the rolling countryside near Grangecon Rocks in County Wicklow, a circular earthwork sits quietly in the landscape, its outline still legible after well over a thousand years.

This is a rath, the Irish term for a ringfort, the most common type of archaeological monument in Ireland. Ringforts were typically enclosed farmsteads of the early medieval period, roughly the fifth to twelfth centuries, where a family and their livestock lived within a bank-and-ditch boundary that offered both a degree of security and a visible marker of social status.

This particular example is modest but intact enough to read clearly. The circular enclosure measures roughly 27.5 metres in diameter, with an earthen bank some 3.5 metres wide surviving to between 0.6 and 0.9 metres above the interior ground level, and rather more impressively to between 1.6 and 2 metres on the outer face. That difference in height between the interior and exterior is typical of the form: the bank was built partly from material excavated from a surrounding fosse, or ditch, which deepens the apparent drop from outside. A faint trace of that fosse, around 3 metres wide, is still visible on the northern side. No evidence of an original entrance has been identified, nor have any internal features such as the post-holes or souterrains, the underground stone-lined passages sometimes found within ringforts, come to light here.

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