Ringfort (Rath), Gullane, Co. Kerry

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Gullane, Co. Kerry

Some places are best understood through their absence.

At Gullane in north County Kerry, a small ringfort once occupied the landscape, known in Irish as Lisín Rua, meaning the russet little ring fort. A ringfort, or rath, is a circular enclosure defined by one or more earthen banks and ditches, built predominantly during the early medieval period and used as a defended farmstead. This particular example was univallate, meaning it had a single enclosing bank, the most common form found across Ireland. It no longer exists.

The site was recorded as Lisheenroe on the Ordnance Survey maps of 1841 to 1842 and again on those of 1914 to 1915, meaning it was still visible, at least as a landscape feature, into the early twentieth century. The Irish name offers a small clue to how local people perceived it: the qualifier rua, russet or reddish, may reflect the colour of the earthworks, the soil, or simply a long-standing local association now impossible to recover. C. Toal's North Kerry Archaeological Survey, published in 1995, catalogued it among the region's monuments, though by then the enclosure had already been lost to agricultural clearance or land improvement, the fate of a great many such sites across the country.

Nothing now marks the spot in any visible way. Its value lies less in what can be seen than in what it tells us about the density of early medieval settlement across Kerry, where ringforts once dotted the countryside in their thousands, each one the centre of a small farming household, most of them now reduced to a name on a map or a faint crop mark in dry summers.

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