Ringfort (Rath), Gurteen, Co. Kerry

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Gurteen, Co. Kerry

There is a gap in the eastern bank of this ringfort at Gurteen, roughly four and a half metres wide, which would once have served as the entrance to the enclosure.

The curious detail is that there is no corresponding causeway across the fosse on the other side. The fosse, the defensive ditch that runs between the two concentric earthen banks of a bivallate rath, would ordinarily have been bridged at the entrance point, allowing access across it. Here, that crossing has left no trace, which raises quiet questions about what was once there and what has since disappeared.

The rath itself sits on a gentle north-facing slope in Gurteen on the Dingle Peninsula, with open views in most directions, the kind of elevated position that would have made practical sense for a defended farmstead of the early medieval period. Ringforts of this type were typically built between roughly the fifth and twelfth centuries as the enclosed homesteads of farming families, the earthworks providing security for people and livestock alike. This example is bivallate, meaning it has two concentric banks rather than the single bank more commonly seen, which may suggest the household that built it had some additional claim to status or resources. The inner bank is substantial, rising 2.75 metres above the fosse and 2 metres above the interior. The outer bank has fared less well; along the eastern and south-eastern sectors it has been removed entirely and a field boundary now runs just outside where it once stood. Elsewhere, however, the outer bank survives to around a metre in height externally and around 2 metres above the base of the fosse, and is revetted in places with drystone masonry. The detail of that revetment, dry-laid stone used to face and stabilise the earthen bank, is a reminder that these enclosures were not merely thrown up but carefully constructed. The site was recorded and described as part of J. Cuppage's archaeological survey of the Corca Dhuibhne region, published in 1986.

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