Ringfort (Rath), Heath, Co. Mayo
Co. Mayo |
Ringforts
On a south-facing slope in County Mayo, there is a ringfort that no longer exists above ground, yet its disappearance is, in its own quiet way, as interesting as its survival might have been.
Ringforts, sometimes called raths, were enclosed farmsteads typically built during the early medieval period, defined by one or more earthen banks and ditches encircling a domestic interior. This one has been quarried almost entirely out of existence.
The site first appears on the Ordnance Survey six-inch map of 1838 as a circular embanked enclosure, somewhere between twenty and twenty-five metres in diameter. By the time the 1915 edition was produced, the cartographers recorded it as a roughly oval shape, already quarried away at the western end. When a field inspector visited in 1984, what remained was an irregular, probably oval enclosure stretching roughly thirty-five to forty-five metres across, bounded on its eastern and south-western sides by a scarp still standing about two metres high in places. A shallow external fosse, the term for a ditch dug around the outside of an enclosure, was faintly traceable, and there were hints of a possible outer bank to the south. Everywhere else, the perimeter and interior had been removed. A second inspection in 2000 found no visible remains at ground level whatsoever.
What the record shows, across a span of roughly 160 years, is not merely the loss of a single monument but a gradual erasure documented in increments. Each map revision and field visit caught the site at a different stage of disappearance, so the archive of its destruction is, in a strange sense, more complete than the archaeology itself ever was.