Ringfort (Rath), Highpark, Co. Limerick
Co. Limerick |
Ringforts
There is something quietly disorienting about a ringfort that announces itself so modestly.
At Highpark in County Limerick, the remains of an early medieval rath sit in flat, poorly-drained pasture, its boundary marked not by the dramatic earthen banks that survive elsewhere in Ireland, but by a scarped edge, essentially a low, cut slope in the ground, only about thirty centimetres high and roughly one and a half metres wide. A rath is a type of ringfort, a roughly circular enclosure used during the early medieval period, typically between the fifth and twelfth centuries, as a farmstead or settlement. Most people would walk past this one without registering that the slight change in ground level beneath their feet represents a structure that has endured for well over a thousand years.
What makes the site at Highpark particularly interesting is its relationship with the landscape and with its immediate neighbour. The enclosure is roughly circular, measuring about nineteen and a half metres on a northeast-to-southwest axis and eighteen and a half metres northwest to southeast, placing it firmly at the smaller end of the ringfort scale. The interior slopes downward toward the east, which, given the already poorly-drained character of the surrounding pasture, may have been a deliberate consideration in the original layout. More striking still is the fact that a second enclosure adjoins it on the southeast side. These conjoined enclosures, sometimes called bivallate or multivallate complexes depending on their arrangement, are not uncommon in the Irish ringfort record, and they often suggest either expansion over time or the grouping of different functional spaces. The site was recorded and compiled by Denis Power, with the record uploaded in June 2013.
The site lies in open farmland, and the views outward from it are good in all directions, which was almost certainly a deliberate choice by whoever established the settlement here. Accessing it requires attention to the practicalities of rural County Limerick, including farmland that may be in active use and ground that lives up to its description as poorly-drained. The low scarped edge is the primary feature to look for, and the slight interior slope toward the east becomes more apparent once you are standing within the enclosure itself. The adjoining enclosure to the southeast is worth locating separately, since the relationship between the two is the detail that elevates this from a routine field monument to something genuinely worth pausing over.