Ringfort (Rath), Kilcoolaght, Co. Kerry

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Kilcoolaght, Co. Kerry

Something about this particular earthwork rewards attention precisely because so little survives to demand it.

Set in gently rolling pastureland on the Iveragh Peninsula in south Kerry, not far west of the Glasheenasheefree river, this ringfort is one of thousands of such enclosures scattered across the Irish countryside, yet its dimensions and partial preservation give a clearer sense of the form than many more celebrated examples. A rath, to use the Irish term, is an enclosed farmstead of the early medieval period, typically consisting of a circular bank and external ditch surrounding a domestic interior. This one is univallate, meaning it has a single enclosing bank rather than the two or three concentric rings that signal higher social status.

The bank itself measures roughly 36.5 metres across internally, making it a fairly typical example of the type. What is slightly unusual is how unevenly time has treated its defences. On the western side, the earthen bank still rises 2.5 metres above the base of the external fosse, the ditch dug to provide material for the bank and to reinforce the enclosure. On the same side, the fosse reaches up to 2.8 metres wide and a metre deep. Elsewhere, the bank drops to around 1.6 metres in height and the ditch has been largely infilled, probably through centuries of agricultural activity gradually smoothing the ground. An entrance just under 2.5 metres wide opens at the east, a common orientation for raths, possibly for practical reasons related to morning light or prevailing wind. The interior is level and, to the eye at least, entirely featureless.

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