Ringfort (Rath), Kilgarriff, Co. Mayo
Co. Mayo |
Ringforts
A ringfort, or rath, is an enclosed circular or oval settlement from the early medieval period, typically defined by one or more earthen banks and ditches.
What makes the one at Kilgarriff quietly worth attention is its name. A local historian, H.T. Knox, recorded it twice in the early twentieth century, in 1908 and again in 1911, under the Irish placename Lisnacartha, meaning "Lis of the Artisans". A rath named for craftspeople rather than a territorial lord or a saint is an unusual designation, and it raises questions the ground itself no longer answers. The interior today is grassy, flat, and entirely featureless.
The earthwork sits on rising ground in County Mayo, looking out over wet, boggy terrain to the south and south-east, with higher ground visible to the north. It takes an oval form, roughly 34.5 metres north to south and 40.8 metres east to west, defined by a scarp just over a metre and a half high. Outside that scarp runs a fosse, a broad defensive ditch between 3.5 and 4 metres wide, and beyond that the remnants of an external bank. The scarp's relatively vertical face may reflect some more recent reworking of the earthwork, and part of the external bank has been absorbed into use as a field boundary fence, with traces of stone facing still visible in places. A low gap on the east-south-east side, about 2.2 metres wide, together with a faint suggestion of a causeway across the fosse, is thought to mark the original entrance. The perimeter is now ringed by hazel and hawthorn. Cultivation ridges running north to south are visible in the same field, just to the north of the enclosure. Two further raths lie within roughly 260 metres to the south and south-east, suggesting this was once a more densely settled landscape than the present boggy pasture might suggest.