Ringfort (Rath), Killynan, Co. Westmeath
Co. Westmeath |
Ringforts
A slight rise in the Westmeath pasture, barely noticeable from a distance, holds the remains of a ringfort that has been slowly losing ground to quarrying for decades.
What survives is a sub-oval earthwork, roughly 31 metres northeast to southwest and 26 metres northwest to southeast, enclosed by a bank and an external fosse. A fosse, in this context, is simply a defensive ditch dug around the outside of the bank, the earth from which typically went to raise the bank itself. Together, bank and fosse formed the boundary of a self-contained farmstead, the kind of enclosed settlement that was common across early medieval Ireland. The bank still stands to an external height of around 1.7 metres along the eastern to southern arc and at the west, though several sections, particularly at the east-northeast, south-southwest, west-southwest, and west-northwest, have been badly damaged by quarrying activity. The original entrance has been lost entirely.
The site appears on the 1837 edition of the Ordnance Survey six-inch map, already drawn as a sub-oval earthwork, suggesting it was a recognisable feature in the landscape long before any modern description was attempted. By 1970, when the monument was more formally recorded, the broad shape and its enclosing elements were still legible on the ground, and the interior was noted as having a gentle eastward-facing slope. Tucked into the northwest quadrant of the interior is a house site, a separate recorded feature that hints at domestic occupation within the enclosure at some point, though the precise relationship between the two structures in time is not documented. Ringforts of this type, known also as raths, were typically the farmsteads of free farming families in early Christian Ireland, and thousands survive across the country in varying states of preservation. This one, set on its low rise with views across the surrounding pasture in all directions, represents a modest but quietly legible example of that widespread tradition, now competing for survival against the gradual encroachment of the quarrying that has already claimed portions of its circuit.