Ringfort (Rath), Kilmacnevan, Co. Westmeath
Co. Westmeath |
Ringforts
At Kilmacnevan in County Westmeath, a low rise in otherwise gently rolling grassland conceals the remains of an early medieval farmstead that has been slowly losing its shape for centuries.
What survives is a roughly circular enclosure, approximately 26 metres across, defined by two earthen banks with a wide, flat-bottomed fosse between them. A fosse is simply a ditch, in this case dug to separate the two banks and reinforce the enclosure's boundary, a standard arrangement in the ringforts, or raths, that once numbered in their tens of thousands across Ireland and served as the defended homesteads of farming families from roughly the fifth to the twelfth centuries.
This particular example is in a poor state of preservation. The inner bank survives best along its northern arc, but from the south-west round to the west it has been levelled almost entirely. What makes it a little more interesting than a simple earthwork is the evidence of dry stone walling still visible on both the inner and outer faces of that inner bank, suggesting the original construction was more substantial than the surviving earthen mounds now imply. More quietly remarkable is a sub-circular hut site tucked into the north-east quadrant of the enclosure, a trace of the actual domestic space where someone once lived within the protection of these banks. Just 75 metres to the west lies a second ringfort, now also levelled, so the landscape here once carried at least two such enclosures in close proximity, a reminder that these sites were rarely as isolated as they appear today.
