Ringfort (Rath), Kilmacnevan, Co. Westmeath
Co. Westmeath |
Ringforts
What sits on a low rise in County Westmeath's grassland looks, at first, like a fairly ordinary earthwork.
Roughly twenty-five metres across in either direction, it is enclosed by a low earthen bank faced on its outer edge with a drystone wall, with a shallow fosse, or ditch, running around the outside. These are the hallmarks of a rath, the Irish term for the circular or near-circular enclosures built in their thousands across the island, most commonly during the early medieval period, typically as enclosed farmsteads for a single family and their livestock. So far, conventional enough. What makes this particular example quietly curious is what appears to have happened to it later.
The interior of the enclosure slopes down towards the perimeter at two opposing points and is now heavily overgrown. More tellingly, a linear bank of earth and stone runs across the ESE quadrant, incorporating some large flagstones and measuring roughly 7.2 metres in length. This feature points toward a secondary use of the site in the post-1700 period, when the old ringfort may have been repurposed as a tree ring, a deliberate planting enclosure often created on landed estates to provide shelter, timber, or ornamental effect. Kilmacnevan House lies approximately 200 metres to the north, a proximity that makes the estate connection plausible. The reuse of prehistoric or early medieval earthworks as tree rings was not uncommon in Ireland, landowners finding that an existing raised boundary saved considerable labour. A second ringfort survives just 50 metres to the south-south-east, suggesting this small patch of Westmeath farmland was once a more substantial focus of early settlement than its present quiet appearance suggests.
