Ringfort (Rath), Lissaniska, Co. Mayo

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Ringforts

Ringfort (Rath), Lissaniska, Co. Mayo

A modern property fence bisects this early medieval ringfort almost exactly down the middle, and the difference between the two halves tells a quiet story about how these sites fare across generations of agricultural use.

To the west of the fence, the earthwork survives in reasonably clear form; to the east, it has been partly levelled, the bank reduced to a broad, slumped slope. The rath, as this type of enclosure is properly called, was a defended farmstead of the early medieval period, typically enclosing a family's home and outbuildings within a raised bank or earthen rampart. Here, that rampart takes the form of a scarp, an abrupt earthen edge, standing 1.4 metres high on the north side and rising to a full 2 metres on the south.

The enclosure is oval in plan, roughly 26 metres east to west and 21.5 metres north to south, and sits on the top of a ridge at the break of slope on its south-facing side. That positioning was almost certainly deliberate. The site commands good views southward over an expanse of low-lying pasture, the kind of prospect that would have given an early medieval household both early warning of approach and a visual claim over the surrounding land. Views to the north-west and north-east are more contained, following the undulating spine of the ridge. Where the scarp meets the south-east corner, there are remnants of stone facing still visible, the original revetment that once gave the bank a sharper, more deliberate profile. At some point this section was incorporated into a field boundary fence running east to west, though that fence has since been removed. No formal entrance survives, but the point where the scarp dips lowest, at the north-east, is the most likely candidate for where people and animals once passed in and out. Gorse and hawthorn have since colonised the scarp at the south-east, softening the line of what was once a working boundary.

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Pete F
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