Ringfort (Rath), Longford Demesne, Co. Sligo
Co. Sligo |
Ringforts
Most ringforts were defended by a combination of earthen bank and external ditch, so the one sitting in wet pasture at Longford Demesne in County Sligo is immediately a little unusual.
The ditch, known in the archaeological vocabulary as a fosse, is simply absent here. What remains is a raised circular platform, about 25 metres across, defined by a scarp, essentially a stepped or sloping edge of compacted earth, roughly four metres wide and one and a half metres high. Along the eastern upper edge of that scarp, a low remnant of loosely piled stone, barely 20 centimetres tall, hints at some kind of structural facing or boundary wall, though much of whatever once stood there is long gone. The original entrance has left no trace that can now be read in the ground.
Ringforts, sometimes called raths when they are earthwork rather than stone constructions, were the most common form of enclosed settlement in early medieval Ireland, typically associated with a single farming family and their livestock. What gives this particular example its quiet interest is what survives inside. Towards the centre of the interior, set on a very slight rise, a subrectangular or trapezoidal arrangement of small, low stones outlines an area roughly eleven metres east to west and tapering from about six metres wide at the western end to just over three metres at the eastern end. This is interpreted as a possible house site, the stone lines marking where walls once stood or were footed. Elsewhere within the enclosure, in the west-north-western portion, a souterrain is visible. A souterrain is an underground passage or chamber, usually stone-lined, associated with ringfort occupation and thought to have served for storage, refuge, or both. That two internal features of this kind survive at all, in ground described as level and wet, makes the site more legible than many of its type.